Bipolar Disorder Treatment at Somorpon Foundation
What is Bipolar Disorder?
Bipolar disorder, previously known as manic-depressive illness, is a severe psychiatric condition characterized by alternating episodes of mania or hypomania and depression. These mood shifts impact energy levels, movement, sleep patterns, behavior, and perception of surroundings. Unlike short-lived mood swings, bipolar disorder causes significant changes in daily life.
Types of Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar disorder has several types, each classified based on the pattern and intensity of mood episodes.
1. Bipolar I Disorder
- Involves manic episodes lasting at least seven days or severe enough to require hospitalization.
- Major depressive episodes typically last for at least two weeks.
- Patients may also experience mixed episodes, exhibiting both manic and depressive symptoms.
2. Bipolar II Disorder
- Characterized by episodes of depression and hypomania.
- Hypomania is less severe than full mania and does not interfere with daily activities as significantly.
3. Cyclothymic Disorder (Cyclothymia)
- Includes one or more hypomanic episodes combined with at least two major depressive episodes.
- Symptoms must persist for at least two years in adults or one year in children/adolescents.
- While not as severe as Bipolar I or II, symptoms still disrupt daily functioning.
4. Other Specified and Unspecified Bipolar and Related Disorders
- Symptoms of bipolar disorder that do not fit precisely into the above categories.
- May involve unusual mood shifts that do not last long or significant mood instability.
Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder
Symptoms vary depending on the type and severity of bipolar disorder and are generally categorized into two groups:
Manic/Hypomanic Symptoms:
- Elevated Mood – Intense energy, excitement, and euphoria.
- Increased Activity – Excessive talking, fast speech, and an inability to focus.
- Reduced Need for Sleep – Feeling energetic despite minimal sleep.
- Impulsivity – Engaging in risky behaviors like reckless spending, dangerous driving, or inappropriate relationships.
Depressive Symptoms:
- Depressed Mood – Persistent sadness, hopelessness, or emptiness.
- Loss of Interest – Withdrawing from hobbies and activities once enjoyed.
- Fatigue – Persistent tiredness, feeling drained, or lacking energy.
- Sleep Disturbances – Sleeping too much or struggling with insomnia.
- Concentration Issues – Difficulty focusing or making decisions.
Diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar disorder is diagnosed by mental health professionals using various assessments:
- Physical Examination – To rule out other medical conditions.
- Psychiatric Assessment – Evaluating thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and mood history.
- Mood Charting – Tracking daily mood changes, sleep patterns, and energy levels.
Causes of Bipolar Disorder
The exact cause of bipolar disorder is unknown, but several factors may contribute:
- Genetics – Bipolar disorder can be hereditary, though specific genes have not yet been identified.
- Biological Differences – Brain structure abnormalities are observed in people with bipolar disorder.
- Neurochemical Imbalance – Disruptions in brain chemicals responsible for mood regulation.
- Environmental Factors – Stress, trauma, abuse, or major life changes may trigger episodes.
Living with Bipolar Disorder
Managing bipolar disorder involves a combination of treatment strategies and lifestyle adjustments:
1. Routine Management
- Establishing a structured daily routine helps stabilize mood fluctuations.
2. Medication Adherence
- Sticking to prescribed medications ensures effective symptom control.
3. Therapy
- Individual or group therapy provides coping strategies and emotional support.
4. Support System
- Emotional support from family, friends, and peer groups is crucial.
5. Self-Care
- Regular exercise, a balanced diet, and stress management techniques help improve overall well-being.
At Somorpon Foundation, we provide comprehensive Bipolar Disorder Treatment, ensuring individuals receive the right support to lead a stable and fulfilling life.
